效率, 就是「以正確的方式做事」(do things right) --> 程序
有效的企業高層主管,篤行下列八個簡單的作法(eight simple practices):
- 他們問,「需要完成什麼?」; (They asked, What needs to be done?)
- 高層主管問,「對企業有幫助的是哪些?」; (They asked, What is right for the enterprise?)
- 高層主管提出「行動計畫」; (They developed action plans.)
- 他們對所採取的決策負責; (They took responsibility for decisions.)
- 他們負責決策的溝通; (They took responsibility for communicating.)
- 他們着重「機會」,而非「問題」; (They were focused on opportunities rather than problems.)
- 他們召開有成果的會議; (They ran productive meetings.)
- 他們言行之中強調「我們」而非「我」. (They thought and said we rather than I.)
「八個作法」之後,再附加一條規則: 先聽后說. (Listen first, speak last.)
「有效」(effectiveness)是一種紀律, 可以學習到, 也必須靠努力, 才能獲得.
-- Peter Drucker, 《有效的主管》
